Gluten y'ingano y'ingenzi

Ifu ya gluten y'ingano ikomeye ni poroteyine ikomoka ku bimera ikomoka ku ifu y'ingano. Iboneka binyuze mu gukurura ifu y'ingano no gutandukanya gluten n'ibinyabutabire n'ibinyabutabire bishongeshwa n'amazi mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga, igumana imiterere yihariye ya viscoelastic iyo yongeye kuzura. Irangwa n'imiterere y'ifu y'umuhondo werurutse, ifite poroteyine ingana na 80% cyangwa irenga (uburemere bwumutse) - ahanini igizwe na gliadin (globular, extensible) na glutenin (fibrous, elastic).

Nk'ikintu cy'ingenzi gikoreshwa mu ifu y'ingano ya gluten ikoreshwa cyane mu biribwa, ibiryo, imiti, n'inganda.

Ibyiza by'ingenzi by'ifu y'ingano ya Gluten
1. Imiterere myiza y'imikorere yo gutunganya ibiribwa
Kongera imbaraga z'ifu: Yongera ubushobozi bwo guhindagurika kw'ifu, kubika umwuka, n'imiterere yayo mu biryo bitetse, yongera ubwinshi bwayo kandi ikagabanya guhindagurika kwayo. Yongera ubushobozi bw'ifu y'ibinyampeke byose binyuze mu kwishyura ingano ya gluten igabanutse, ikagabanya igihe cyo kuvanga no kunoza imikorere yayo.
Guhambira no Guhindura Imiterere: Bikora imiterere nk'iy'inyama mu buryo bukomoka ku bimera, bigatanga uburyo bwo gufatana no gutunganya. Mu bikomoka ku nyama, bikora nk'igikoresho cyo gufatana kugira ngo bigabanye igihombo cyo guteka no kunoza uburyo bwo gukata.
Kubika Amazi n'Ibinure: Bikurura amazi inshuro ebyiri, bigakomeza ubushuhe mu biryo byokeje n'inyama zitunganyijwe. Ibi byongera igihe cyo kubikwa ku bicuruzwa ku kigero cya 25-30% kandi bigabanya imyanda y'ibicuruzwa ku babikora.

2. Ibyiza by'imirire
Poroteyine nziza cyane y’ibimera: Ifite poroteyine zirenga 80%, ni isoko ya poroteyine ishingiye ku bimera kandi ihendutse, ikaba nziza cyane ku biribwa bikungahaye kuri poroteyine, ku bipimo byo kugabanya ibiro, ndetse no ku binyobwa by’intungamubiri.
Imiterere ya aside amino: Ikungahaye kuri proline (14% bya aside amino yose) kandi ikubiyemo aside amino zose z'ingenzi, zuzuza izindi poroteyine z'ibimera mu buryo bwa formulaire.
Karubohidrati nke n'ibinure: Nta binure byinshi bidafite kandi nta karubohidrati nyinshi, bifasha mu iterambere ry'ibicuruzwa bifite karubohidrati nke kandi bifite ikirango gisukuye.

3. Irambye kandi Ihendutse
Umusaruro w'ibikomoka ku musaruro w'ingano, ufasha kugera ku ntego z'ubukungu bushingiye ku mikorere binyuze mu kongera umusaruro w'ubuhinzi.
Itanga inyungu ku giciro ugereranyije na poroteyine zikomoka ku nyamaswa (urugero, casein) na poroteyine zidasanzwe z'ibimera, bigatuma iba nziza cyane mu gukora ku bwinshi.